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Dentists

Here are some important papers and links that provide a deeper look at the growing field of dental sleep medicine.

Rest Assured Technologies Documents

Learning Objectives for Rest Assured Technologies Qualified Dentists

Articles, White Papers, Research Papers

Wall Street Journal Sleep Report

Wall Street Journal, July 2009
Numerous short articles detail trends and treatment options in the field of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

“Clinical Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Snoring with Oral Appliance Therapy: An Update for 2015,” Ramar K., et al, J Clin Sleep Med, Jul 15, 2015

“Dental Sleep Medicine Standards for Screening, Treating, and Managing Adults with Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders,” Levine, M et al, Standards of Practice Committee of the American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine, Journal of Dental Sleep Medicine, Vol 5, No.3 2018

“Oral Appliance Therapy – Benefits & Side Effects,” Sleep Education by AASM

“Oral Appliance Therapy,” American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine

“Problems and Side Effects with Oral Appliance Therapy” at Somnomed website

“Oral Appliances for Sleep Apnea in Adults,” American Thoracic Society, January 2018

“Policy Statement on a Dentist’s Role in Treating Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders,” by Addy N, et al, Journal of Dental Sleep Medicine, 2018

“The Role of Dentistry in the Treatment of Sleep Related Breathing Disorders,” ADA House of Delegates, October, 2017

Making Sleep Medicine a Priority in Your Dental Practice

Sleep Apnea: Is Dentistry Doing Enough? by John Viviano, DDS, The Journal of the Ontario Dental Association, May 2021

Dental sleep medicine -- dentists treat obstructive sleep apnea patients with oral appliance therapy, expanding their practices

DentistryIQ.com, October 22, 2009 – Emilee McStay
This article addresses the increasing number of educational courses offered in dental sleep medicine and the growing group of dentists who are trained to treat sleep apnea patients.

“Practice parameters for the treatment of snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea with oral appliances: an update for 2005,” Kushida CA, et al, American Academy of Sleep, Feb 2006

“Mouthpieces and Dental Devices,” from “What is Sleep Apnea” at

“Updated Practice Guidelines on Oral Appliance Therapy for OSA,” by Kannan Ramar, American College of Cardiology, October 28, 2015

“Getting an Oral Appliance for Sleep Apnea Therapy” by Brandon Peters, MD, Verywell Health, January 22, 2020

“AADSM Treatment Protocol: Oral Appliance Therapy for Sleep Disordered Breathing,: by AADSM Board of Directors, 2013.

“Definition of an Effective Oral Appliance for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Snoring: A Report of the American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine,” by Scherr S, Dort LC, Almeida FR, et al, Journal of Dental Sleep Medicine, 2014(1)

Wake Up to Sleep Apnea as a COVID-19 Risk

Articles, White Papers, Research Papers

Sleep Apnea and Comorbidities

“Sleep Apnea and High Blood Pressure: A Dangerous Pair,” American College of Cardiology, May 1, 2015

“About Obstructive Sleep Apnea” by AADSM

“Sleep Apnea and Hypertension,” by M Hoffman, et al, Minerva Med., August 2004

“Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease,” by Virend K. Somers, et al, American Heart Association Journal, July 28, 2008

“Sleep Apnea Treatment Options,” American Sleep Apnea Association

“Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Cardiovascular Disorders,” by Budhiraja R, Budhiraja P, Quan SF, Respir Care, 2010 Oct

“Obstructive sleep apnea in children: a critical update,” Tan H, Gozal D, Kheirandish-Gozal L., Nature and Science of Sleep, 2013

“Diagnosis and Management of Childhood Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome,” Marcus CL, Brooks LJ, Davidson S, et al, Pediatrics, 2012

“What is snoring?” by AADSM

“Guide to Sleep Study Tests,” from “What is Sleep Apnea”

“Physiological basis for a causal relationship of obstructive sleep apnea to hypertension,” by J. Woodrow Weiss, et al, Exp. Physiology, January 2007

“Sleep Apnea Clinical Score, Berlin Questionnaire, or Epworth Sleepiness Scale: which is the best obstructive sleep apnea predictor in patients with COPD?,” by Anamelia Cost Faria, International Journal of General Medicine, August 25, 2015

“Biomechanical properties of the human upper airway and their effect on its behavior during breathing and in OSA,” Bliston L, Gandevia S., J Appl Physiol. 2014. 116

Articles, White Papers, Research Papers

Clinical Evidence: Review Articles

“ORCADES: A prospective cohort study of severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients receiving second line-treatment with a mandibular repositioning device (MRD),” by Jean-Claude Meurice, et al, European Respiratory Journal, 2013

“Trends in CPAP adherence over twenty years of data collection: a flattened curve,” Brain W. Rotenberg, et al, Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2016 (45:43)

“Surgical Modifications of the Upper Airway for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis,” by Caples S, Rowley JA, Prinsell JA, et al, Sleep, 2010

“The comparison of CPAP and oral appliances in treatment of patients with OSA: a systematic review and meta-analysis,” By Li, W., et al, J. Respir Care, 2013 Jul

“Oral appliance treatment for obstructive sleep apnea: an update,” Sutherland K., et al, J Clin Sleep Med, Feb 15, 2014 Feb 15

Articles, White Papers, Research Papers

Evidence for Clinical Efficacy/Preference

“CPAP vs Mandibular Advancement Devices and Blood Pressure in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea, A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.” Bratton DJ, et al, JAMA, Dec 2015

“Mandibular Advancement Device as a Comparable Treatment to Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure for Positional Obstructive Sleep Apnea,” by Yoshikazu Takaesu, et al, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, August 15, 2016

“Cardiovascular effects of oral appliance therapy in obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” by Griete E. de Vries, et al, Sleep Medicine Reviews, August 2018

“Long-term Oral Appliance Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Controlled Study on Dental Side Effects,” by M H J Doff , et al, Clin Oral Investig, March, 2013

“Effects of treatment with oral appliance on 24-h blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and hypertension: a randomized clinical trial” by Andrén A, et al, Sleep Breath, May 2013

“Definition of an Effective Oral Appliance for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Snoring: A Report of the American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine,” by Steven C. Scherr, DDS, Moderator, et al; Journal of Dental Sleep Medicine, Volume: 03 Number: 04 10/10/2016

“Patient preferences and experiences of CPAP and oral appliances for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: a qualitative analysis,” Almeida FR, et al, Sleep Breath, May 2013

“Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness results from the randomised controlled Trial of Oral Mandibular Advancement Devices for Obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea (TOMADO) and long-term economic analysis of oral devices and continuous positive airway pressure,” Sharples L, et al, Health Technol Assess, 2014 Oct

“Evidence Brief: Oral Appliances for Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders,” American Dental Association, 2015

“Oral Appliance Effectiveness and Patient Satisfaction with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment in Adults,” Marketa Skalna, et al, Med Sci Monit 2019-01-18

“Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of oral mandibular advancement devices and continuous positive airway pressure for obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea,” by Linda Sharples, Sleep Med Review, May 30, 2015

“Mandibular advancement splint as short-term alternative treatment in patients with obstructive sleep apnea already effectively treated with continuous positive airway pressure,” FR Almeida, J Clin Sleep Med, April 15, 2013

“Dental appliance treatment for obstructive sleep apnea,” AS Chan, CHEST, August 2007

“Physiology in Medicine: Obstructive sleep apnea pathogenesis and treatment—considerations beyond airway anatomy,” by Dempsey JA, Xie A, Patz DS, Wang D., Journal of Applied Physiology, 2014. 116

“Innovative treatments for adults with obstructive sleep apnea,” by Weaver TE, Calik MW, Farabi SS, et al, Nature and Science of Sleep, 2014

"Predictive Factors for Efficacious Oral Appliance Therapy in Moderate to Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients", Laryngoscope. June 2021.

“Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and hypertension: Pathogenic mechanisms and possible therapeutic approaches,” Wang Zhang and Liang-yi si, Ups J Med Sci, November 2012

“Cardiovascular Benefits of Oral Appliance Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review,” by Giles Van Haesendonck, et al, Journal of Dental Sleep Medicine, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2015

“The Cardiovascular Health Benefits of Oral Appliance Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Typically Outweigh the Risk of Tooth Movement and Malocclusion,” by Clifton C, Andry J, Bryk C., Texas Dental Journal. 2015;132(11):903

“Self-Reported Sleep Quality With Mandibular Advancement Device or Continuous Positive Airway Pressure: A Randomized Clinical Trial on Patients With Mild and Moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnea,” by Lars Martin Berg, Journal of Dental Sleep Medicine, December 13, 2019

“A crossover randomized controlled trial of oral mandibular advancement devices for obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea (TOMADO),” by Quinnell TG, et al, Thorax, Oct 2014

“Efficacy of custom made oral appliance for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea,” Cilil VR, et al, Contemporary Clin Dent, 2015 Jul-Sep

“Long-term effectiveness of oral appliance versus CPAP therapy and the emerging importance of understanding patient preferences,” Almeida FR, et al, Sleep, Sep 1, 2013

“Efficacy versus Effectiveness in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: CPAP and Oral Appliances,” Kate Sutherland, PhD, et al, Journal of Dental Sleep Medicine, Volume: 03 Number: 04. 10/10/2016

“The Role of Dentists in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Consensus and Controversy,” Stuart F. Quan, MD, Wolfgang Schmidt-Nowara, MD, (Editorial) Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, Vol. 13, No. 10, 2017

“CPAP vs. Mandibular Advancement Devices and Blood Pressure in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis,” by DJ Brandon, JAMA, Dec 1, 2015

“Exploring the Potential Cost-Effectiveness of Patient Decision Aids for Use in Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Case Study,” by Logan Trenaman, Med Decision Making, July 35, 2015

“Mandibular advancement appliances remain effective in lowering respiratory disturbance index for 2.5-4.5 years,” by L. Gauthier, Sleep Med, October 2011

“Long-term compliance and side effects of oral appliances used for the treatment of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,” FR de Almeida, J Clin Sleep Med, April 15, 2005

“CPAP for Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Obstructive Sleep Apnea,” McEvoy D, et al., N Engl J Med. 2016; 375

“Effect of a titration polysomnogram on treatment success with a mandibular repositioning appliance” by Almeida FR, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 2009

Oral Appliance Therapy; The Definition of Effectiveness," Dental Sleep Practice, April 21, 2021

Articles, White Papers, Research Papers

Clinical Evidence for Improved Outcomes

“Alternatives to continuous positive airway pressure 2: mandibular advancement devices compared,” by Quinnell TG, et al, Curr Opin Pulm Med, 2014 Nov

“Mandibular Advancement device and CPAP upon cardiovascular parameters in OSA,” by Cibele Dal-Fabbro, et al, Sleep., 2014 January 26

“Health outcomes of continuous positive airway pressure versus oral appliance treatment for obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized controlled trial,” by Phillips CL, et al, Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2013 Apr 15

“Effect of oral appliances on blood pressure in obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis,” by Iftikhar IH, et al, J Clin Sleep Med. 2013 Feb 1

Oral appliance therapy reduces blood pressure in obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized, controlled trial,” by Gotsopoulos H, et al, Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine, St George Hospital, The University of New South Wales, Sydney Australia, Sleep. 2004 Aug 1fect of oral appliances on blood pressure in obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis,” by Iftikhar IH, et al, J Clin Sleep Med. 2013 Feb 1

“Sleep apnea symptoms and risk of temporomandibular disorder: OPPERA cohort,” Sanders AE, Essick GK, Fillingim R, et al, Journal of Dental Research, 2013

“Oral Appliance Treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An Update,” by Sutherland K, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 2014

“Clinical Use of a Home Sleep Apnea Test: An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Position Statement,” by Rosen I, et al, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 2018

“Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Mandibular Advancement Splints: Occlusal Effects and Progression of Changes Associated with a Decade of Treatment,” by Pliska BT, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 2014

“Modulation of Inflammatory and Hemostatic Markers in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients Treated with Mandibular Advancement Splints: A Parallel, Controlled Trial,” Nizankowska-Jedrzejczyk A, et al, J Clin Sleep Med, 2014 Mar 15

“Cardiovascular mortality in obstructive sleep apnea treated with continuous positive airway pressure or oral appliance: An observational study,” Anandam A, et al, Respirology, 2013 Nov

Improvement of Cognitive and Psychomotor Performance in Patients with Mild to Moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treated with Mandibular Advancement Device: A Prospective 1-Year Study,” by Tea Galic, DMD, et al, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, Feb 15 2016ardiovascular Health Benefits of Oral Appliance Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Typically Outweigh the Risk of Tooth Movement and Malocclusion,” by Clifton C, Andry J, Bryk C., Texas Dental Journal. 2015;132(11):903

“Effect of oral appliance therapy on neurobehavioral functioning in obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized controlled trial,” by Naismith SL, et al, J Clin Sleep Med. 2005 Oct 15

“Management of Side Effects of Oral Appliance Therapy for Sleep-Disordered Breathing,” by Sheats R, et al, Journal of Dental Sleep Medicine, 2017

“The link between sleep bruxism, sleep disordered breathing and temporomandibular disorders: An evidence-based review,” Balasubramaniam R, Klasser GD, Cistulli PA, et al, Journal of Dental Sleep Medicine, 2014

“Appropriate Use of Objective Tests for Obstructive Sleep Apnea,” AMA House of Delegates, H-35.963. 2017.

Videos & Multimedia

The Sleep Radio Show

BlogTalkRadio, Nancy Rothstein
Nancy Rothstein leads lively interviews and conversation on the joys of great sleep. Sleep experts, researchers, and ordinary sleepers like the rest of us are regulars on this informative, fun show.